Law and the Threat of Consequence
The definitive enforcer of law isn't necessarily law enforcement itself. It is the psychological effect on the mind of the threat of consequence. It is mostly that mental effect alone that keeps order in society.
The threat of consequence is acts like a force in its own right, restricting the behavior of individuals within a system mostly within the interests of protection and the preservation of life and property.
If the threat of consequence is too severe, the government is oppressive. If it is to light, the society is chaotic. Striking the balance proves to be difficult for humanity, and there is much ambiguity involving what types and severities of consequences are appropriate for certain situations across all nations and cultures.
The threat of consequence is the spirit of the rule of law. Of course, a strong police and a strong military is essential for the preservation of order and security in society.
However, a more advanced society would have the citizenry play the biggest enforcement role aside from just police, and the best way too ensure the strongest threat of consequence without overduing police presence is having a citizenry not overly pacified and at the least moderately well trained to react to dangers and threats appropriately and effectively.
This would help better ensure that things like mass shootings and terrorism would be less likely to occur and if they do they can be mitigated in their severity greatly. An overly pacified, underprepared society is easy pickings for shootings and terrorism. A society whose population is physically and mentally conditioned to handle fear and respond to threats can greatly increase the effectiveness of the psychological threat of consequence and deter possible future attacks from happening.
The threat of consequence is what prevents most people from tearing each other apart in public and in certain contexts. It is often what saves lives when hate rears its ugly head. It is the spirit and essence of the rule of law
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